Consider statements about cell biology: 1. The cell membrane is selectively permeable. 2. The nucleus contains genetic material. 3. Mitochondria are the site of photosynthesis. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Consider statements about cell biology: 1. The cell membrane is selectively permeable. 2. The nucleus contains genetic material. 3. Mitochondria are the site of photosynthesis. Which are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 1, 2 and 3

C. 1 and 2 only

D. 2 and 3 only

Answer: Option C

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

The cell membrane (plasma membrane) is selectively permeable, regulating the passage of substances in and out of the cell to maintain internal homeostasis. The nucleus is the membrane-bound organelle that houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) organized into chromosomes, directing cellular activities. Mitochondria are the site of aerobic cellular respiration and ATP production; chloroplasts are the organelles where photosynthesis occurs in plant cells. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

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Question #1

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Consider statements about ribosomes: 1. They are non-membranous organelles. 2. Prokaryotic ribosomes are 80S. 3. They are the site of protein synthesis. Which are correct?

A. 1, 2 and 3

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 1 and 2 only

D. 2 and 3 only

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Ribosomes are dense, spherical, non-membranous structures composed of RNA and proteins. They are the cellular factories for protein synthesis. Prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S (50S + 30S subunits), while eukaryotic cytoplasmic ribosomes are 80S (60S + 40S subunits). Therefore, statements 1 and 3 are correct, but statement 2 is false.

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Question #2

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Which hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary to stimulate growth of bones and muscles?

A. Thyroxine

B. Cortisol

C. Growth hormone

D. Adrenaline

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Growth hormone (somatotropin) stimulates protein synthesis, cell division, and growth of bones and muscles, especially during childhood. Thyroxine regulates metabolism, cortisol is a stress hormone from the adrenal cortex, adrenaline is from the adrenal medulla. GH deficiency leads to dwarfism; excess causes gigantism or acromegaly.

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Question #3

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Consider statements about microorganisms: 1. Bacteria reproduce by binary fission. 2. Viruses have their own metabolic machinery. 3. Fungi have a cell wall made of chitin. Which are correct?

A. 1, 2 and 3

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1 and 2 only

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Bacteria are prokaryotes that primarily reproduce asexually through binary fission, where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. Fungi are eukaryotes characterized by having cell walls primarily composed of chitin, a tough polysaccharide. Viruses lack cellular structure and metabolic machinery; they are obligate parasites that rely entirely on the host cell's machinery for replication. Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct.

This question belongs to: Science Biology

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