Consider statements about evolution: 1. Evolution is a change in allele frequencies over time. 2. Speciation is the formation of new species. 3. Evolution always leads to more complex organisms. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Evolution, at its most fundamental genetic level, is defined as the change in the frequency of alleles within a population over successive generations. Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct, reproductively isolated species. Evolution does not have a predetermined goal or direction towards complexity; it simply results in adaptation to the current environment, which can sometimes lead to simpler forms (like parasites losing complex structures). Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.