Consider statements about human nutrition: 1. A balanced diet contains all essential nutrients. 2. Malnutrition can be caused by overeating. 3. Water is not a nutrient. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901, for which he received the Nobel Prize. He also discovered the Rh factor with others.

Explanation:
Secretin was the first hormone ever to be identified, marking the birth of endocrinology as a distinct field. It was discovered in 1902 by British physiologists William Bayliss and Ernest Starling. They observed that when acidic chyme entered the duodenum, it stimulated the pancreas to secrete bicarbonate-rich juice, even if all nerves to the pancreas were cut. They concluded that a chemical messenger (which Starling coined the term 'hormone' for in 1905) was released from the intestinal mucosa into the blood to stimulate the pancreas. They named this messenger secretin.

Explanation:
The medulla oblongata contains vital centers that control involuntary functions like heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. The cerebrum is responsible for memory, intelligence, and voluntary movements; the cerebellum coordinates balance and movement; the hypothalamus regulates body temperature, hunger, and hormone secretion.