Consider statements about human nutrition: 1. A balanced diet provides all essential nutrients. 2. Malnutrition only refers to undernutrition. 3. Water is essential for life. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

Consider statements about human nutrition: 1. A balanced diet provides all essential nutrients. 2. Malnutrition only refers to undernutrition. 3. Water is essential for life. Which are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1, 2 and 3

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 2 and 3 only

Answer: Option C

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

A balanced diet contains all the essential macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals) in the correct proportions required for optimal health, growth, and maintenance. Malnutrition is a broad term that refers to deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person's intake of energy and/or nutrients; it includes both undernutrition (wasting, stunting) and overnutrition (overweight, obesity). Water is an essential nutrient, crucial for hydration, transport, and all biochemical reactions. Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct.

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Question #1

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The term 'ecology' was coined by:

A. Gregor Mendel

B. Charles Darwin

C. Ernst Haeckel

D. Robert Hooke

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Ernst Haeckel, a German zoologist, coined the term 'ecology' (Ökologie) in 1866, derived from Greek 'oikos' (house) and 'logos' (study), meaning the study of organisms in relation to their environment. Darwin contributed evolution, Mendel genetics, Hooke cell theory. Ecology encompasses interactions between organisms and their abiotic and biotic environment.

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Question #2

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Consider statements about plant tissues: 1. Xylem transports water upwards. 2. Phloem transports food bidirectionally. 3. Cambium is a permanent tissue. Which are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Xylem is responsible for the unidirectional upward transport of water and minerals from roots to shoots. Phloem transports organic nutrients (food) from sources to sinks, which can be bidirectional (up or down). Cambium (vascular and cork) is a lateral meristematic (dividing) tissue responsible for secondary growth, not a permanent tissue. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

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Question #3

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The vitamin whose active form, retinol, is essential for vision is:

A. Vitamin D

B. Vitamin C

C. Vitamin A

D. Vitamin E

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Vitamin A (retinol) is converted to retinal, which combines with opsin to form rhodopsin, the light-sensitive pigment in rod cells of the retina. Deficiency leads to night blindness and xerophthalmia. Carrots and liver are rich sources. Vitamin C is ascorbic acid, D is calciferol, E is tocopherol.

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