Consider statements about microorganisms: 1. Algae are photosynthetic. 2. Protozoa are multicellular. 3. Fungi reproduce by spores. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Ethology is the branch of biology that deals with the scientific and objective study of animal behavior, usually with a focus on behavior under natural conditions. Ecology studies ecosystems, Entomology studies insects, and Eugenics deals with the improvement of human genetic traits.

Explanation:
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch linen merchant and amateur scientist, is known as the 'father of microbiology'. Using his own handcrafted, high-quality single-lens microscopes, he was the first person to observe and describe living, single-celled organisms, which he called 'animalcules' (little animals). These included bacteria, protozoa, and sperm cells, in the late 17th century.

Explanation:
The basal ganglia are a group of interconnected subcortical nuclei (including the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus) located deep within the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres. They are crucial components of the extrapyramidal motor system. Their primary functions are to regulate voluntary motor movements (by facilitating desired movements and inhibiting unwanted ones), procedural learning (learning by repetition), routine behaviors, and habit formation. Dysfunction of the basal ganglia leads to movement disorders like Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease.