Consider statements about microorganisms: 1. Bacteria are prokaryotic. 2. Fungi have chlorophyll. 3. Viruses can reproduce without a host. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

Consider statements about microorganisms: 1. Bacteria are prokaryotic. 2. Fungi have chlorophyll. 3. Viruses can reproduce without a host. Which are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 1, 2 and 3

D. 1 only

Answer: Option D

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes lacking a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Fungi are heterotrophic eukaryotes that lack chlorophyll and cannot perform photosynthesis. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that lack metabolic machinery and absolutely require a living host cell to replicate. Therefore, only statement 1 is correct.

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Question #1

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The organ that produces digestive enzymes and insulin is the:

A. Liver

B. Gall bladder

C. Pancreas

D. Spleen

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The pancreas is a mixed gland: exocrine acini secrete digestive enzymes (trypsin, lipase, amylase) into the duodenum, while endocrine islets secrete insulin and glucagon into the blood. The liver produces bile, not digestive enzymes. Spleen filters blood, gall bladder stores bile.

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Question #2

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The organelle that contains ribosomes attached to its surface is:

A. Golgi apparatus

B. Smooth ER

C. Rough ER

D. Lysosome

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes on its cytoplasmic surface, giving it a rough appearance. It is involved in protein synthesis and processing. Smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is for lipid synthesis.

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Question #3

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Consider statements about genetics: 1. DNA is transcribed into mRNA. 2. mRNA is translated into protein. 3. tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome. Which are correct?

A. 1, 2 and 3

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1 and 3 only

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Transcription is the process where the genetic information in a DNA sequence is copied into a complementary messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by RNA polymerase. Translation is the process where the mRNA sequence is decoded by ribosomes to synthesize a specific polypeptide (protein). Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules act as adapters, carrying specific amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA codon. All statements are correct.

This question belongs to: Science Biology

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