Consider statements about scientists: 1. Robert Hooke coined the term 'cell'. 2. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek discovered living microorganisms. 3. Charles Darwin proposed the cell theory. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Consider statements about scientists: 1. Robert Hooke coined the term 'cell'. 2. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek discovered living microorganisms. 3. Charles Darwin proposed the cell theory. Which are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 1 and 3 only
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Robert Hooke, in his 1665 book 'Micrographia', described observing dead cork tissue under a microscope and coined the term 'cell' for the small, box-like compartments he saw. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, using his superior handcrafted single-lens microscopes in the 1670s, was the first person to observe and describe living, single-celled microorganisms, which he called 'animalcules'. Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection; the cell theory was proposed by Schleiden and Schwann. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

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Question #1
The hormone that stimulates the kidney to reabsorb sodium and water, increasing blood pressure, is:
A. ADH
B. Aldosterone
C. ANP
D. Renin

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Aldosterone, from the adrenal cortex, acts on the distal tubule and collecting duct to increase sodium reabsorption (and water follows) and potassium secretion, raising blood volume and pressure. ADH increases water reabsorption, ANP reduces sodium reabsorption, renin is an enzyme initiating the RAAS.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
Which of the following vitamins is a water-soluble vitamin that acts as a coenzyme in the metabolism of amino acids and fatty acids?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
D. Vitamin K

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Vitamin B6, in its active form pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), is a crucial water-soluble coenzyme involved in over 100 enzymatic reactions, primarily in amino acid metabolism (transamination, decarboxylation) and fatty acid metabolism. It is also essential for neurotransmitter synthesis and hemoglobin formation. Vitamins A, D, and K are fat-soluble vitamins. Exam tip: B-complex and C are water-soluble; A, D, E, K are fat-soluble.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The number of chromosomes in a human zygote is:
A. 46
B. 23
C. 22
D. 44

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
A human zygote is diploid (2n = 46), formed by the fusion of a haploid sperm (23) and a haploid ovum (23). It contains 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes (XX or XY). Mitotic division then produces all somatic cells. Gametes are haploid (23).

This question belongs to: Science Biology