The hormone that stimulates the kidney to reabsorb sodium and water, increasing blood pressure, is:
A. Aldosterone
B. Renin
C. ANP
D. ADH
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Aldosterone, from the adrenal cortex, acts on the distal tubule and collecting duct to increase sodium reabsorption (and water follows) and potassium secretion, raising blood volume and pressure. ADH increases water reabsorption, ANP reduces sodium reabsorption, renin is an enzyme initiating the RAAS.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis converts CO₂ and H₂O into glucose and oxygen using light energy, catalyzed by chlorophyll in chloroplasts. This process sustains nearly all life, providing food and oxygen. Respiration releases energy from glucose, chemosynthesis uses chemical energy, transpiration is water loss.
Explanation:
Transcription is the synthesis of mRNA from the DNA template strand by RNA polymerase. It occurs in the nucleus (eukaryotes). Replication is DNA duplication. Translation is protein synthesis from mRNA. Transformation is the uptake of foreign DNA by bacteria. The central dogma: DNA → RNA → Protein. Transcription produces mRNA, tRNA, rRNA. The mRNA carries the codon sequence for protein assembly.
Explanation:
The axon is a long process that transmits action potentials from the soma to the target cell (neuron, muscle, or gland). Dendrites receive signals, soma is the cell body, synaptic terminals release neurotransmitters.
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