Consider statements about vitamins: 1. Vitamin A is essential for vision. 2. Vitamin B complex helps in energy metabolism. 3. Vitamin C is essential for blood clotting. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

Consider statements about vitamins: 1. Vitamin A is essential for vision. 2. Vitamin B complex helps in energy metabolism. 3. Vitamin C is essential for blood clotting. Which are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1, 2 and 3

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1 and 2 only

Answer: Option D

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Vitamin A (retinol) is crucial for maintaining healthy vision, particularly in dim light, as it is a component of the visual pigment rhodopsin. The B-complex vitamins (like B1, B2, B3, B5) act as coenzymes and are essential for various metabolic pathways, particularly the conversion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into usable energy. Vitamin K, not Vitamin C, is essential for the synthesis of blood clotting factors; Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis and immunity. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

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Question #1

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Assertion (A): Cilia and flagella are involved in cell movement.
Reason (R): They contain microtubules arranged in a 9+2 pattern.

A. A false, R true.

B. A true, R false.

C. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation.

D. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Cilia and flagella are motile structures with a 9+2 axoneme of microtubules. Their movement propels the cell or moves fluids. R explains the structural basis.

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Question #2

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The 'Hormone Progesterone' is primarily responsible for maintaining pregnancy. During the menstrual cycle, its levels are highest during the:

A. Follicular (proliferative) phase

B. Ovulation phase

C. Menstrual phase

D. Luteal (secretory) phase

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Progesterone is the primary hormone of the luteal phase (also called the secretory phase) of the menstrual cycle. After ovulation, the ruptured Graafian follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes large amounts of progesterone. Progesterone prepares and maintains the uterine endometrium (thickening it, increasing blood supply, and stimulating glandular secretion) for the potential implantation of a fertilized egg. If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, progesterone levels drop, and menstruation begins.

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Question #3

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What is the structural arrangement of microtubules in a centriole?

A. 6+6

B. 9+0

C. 9+1

D. 9+2

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Centrioles are cylindrical structures composed of nine evenly spaced peripheral fibrils of tubulin, arranged in a 9+0 pattern. Each fibril is a triplet of microtubules. The central part is non-branched and lacks microtubules. Centrioles are involved in forming the spindle apparatus in animal cells and basal bodies of cilia and flagella.

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