Consider statements about vitamins: 1. Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant. 2. Vitamin K is synthesized by gut bacteria. 3. Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

Consider statements about vitamins: 1. Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant. 2. Vitamin K is synthesized by gut bacteria. 3. Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis. Which are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1, 2 and 3

D. 1 and 3 only

Answer: Option C

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Vitamin E (tocopherol) is a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage by free radicals. Vitamin K is partially synthesized by the symbiotic bacteria residing in the human intestine, contributing to the body's supply. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a crucial cofactor for the enzymes prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase, essential for the synthesis and stabilization of collagen. All statements are correct.

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Question #1

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The pitcher plant (Nepenthes) has modified leaves to trap insects primarily to obtain:

A. Water

B. Nitrogen

C. Oxygen

D. Carbohydrates

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The pitcher plant is an insectivorous (carnivorous) plant. Its leaves are modified into pitcher-shaped structures to trap and digest insects. This adaptation is primarily to supplement the plant's nitrogen intake, as it typically grows in nitrogen-deficient soils (like bogs). The digested insects provide essential nitrogenous compounds.

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Question #2

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The vitamin that is required for the synthesis of clotting factors is:

A. Vitamin C

B. Vitamin A

C. Vitamin K

D. Vitamin E

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Vitamin K is a cofactor for the enzyme γ-glutamyl carboxylase, which adds carboxyl groups to glutamic acid residues in clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X, allowing them to bind calcium and participate in coagulation. Deficiency leads to bleeding tendency.

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Question #3

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The hormone that promotes the development of the corpus luteum after ovulation is:

A. Estrogen

B. Prolactin

C. LH

D. FSH

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers ovulation and then promotes the formation and maintenance of the corpus luteum from the ruptured follicle. The corpus luteum secretes progesterone. FSH stimulates follicle growth, prolactin milk production, estrogen from follicles.

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