Consider the following statements about carbohydrates: 1. Glucose is a monosaccharide. 2. Sucrose is a disaccharide. 3. Cellulose is a storage polysaccharide in plants. Which of the above is/are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
The Philadelphia chromosome is a specific genetic abnormality found in the bone marrow cells of most patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML). It is formed by a reciprocal translocation between the long arms of chromosome 9 and chromosome 22, denoted as t(9;22). This translocation fuses the BCR gene on chromosome 22 with the ABL1 gene on chromosome 9, creating a mutant BCR-ABL1 fusion protein with constitutive tyrosine kinase activity, driving uncontrolled cell division.

Explanation:
PCR, invented by Kary Mullis, allows exponential amplification of a specific DNA segment using a thermostable DNA polymerase (Taq polymerase), primers, and thermal cycling. Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments, Southern blotting detects specific sequences, DNA sequencing determines the order of bases. PCR is widely used in diagnostics, forensics, and research.

Explanation:
2,4-D is a synthetic auxin widely used as a selective herbicide. It kills broadleaf dicot weeds without harming monocot crops like wheat, rice, and lawn grasses, as dicots are more sensitive to auxin overdoses, which cause uncontrolled growth and eventual death. NAA and gibberellic acid are used for rooting and growth promotion, and kinetin is a cytokinin.