Consider the following statements regarding mitochondria: 1. They are double-membrane organelles. 2. They have their own 80S ribosomes. 3. They are the site of aerobic respiration. Which of the statements is/are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

Consider the following statements regarding mitochondria:
1. They are double-membrane organelles.
2. They have their own 80S ribosomes.
3. They are the site of aerobic respiration.
Which of the statements is/are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. 1, 2, and 3

D. 1 and 3 only

Answer: Option D

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Mitochondria have two membranes (outer and inner) and are the site of Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. They possess 70S ribosomes, not 80S. Hence, statements 1 and 3 are correct.

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Question #1

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Consider statements about human diseases: 1. Tuberculosis is caused by a virus. 2. Polio is caused by a bacterium. 3. Tetanus affects the nervous system. Which are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 3 only

C. 1, 2 and 3

D. 1 and 2 only

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs. Polio is a viral disease caused by the poliovirus, attacking the nervous system. Tetanus is caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which produces a neurotoxin that causes severe muscle spasms and affects the nervous system. Thus, only statement 3 is correct.

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Question #2

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Identify the INCORRECT statement about the human ear:

A. The eardrum vibrates in response to sound waves.

B. The ossicles amplify sound vibrations.

C. The cochlea is responsible for balance.

D. The auditory nerve carries impulses to the brain.

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
The cochlea is for hearing; the vestibular apparatus (semicircular canals, utricle, saccule) is for balance. So C is incorrect.

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Question #3

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The AB blood group in the ABO system is an example of:

A. Codominance

B. Multiple allelism only

C. Incomplete dominance

D. Pleiotropy

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Codominance occurs when both alleles in a heterozygote are fully and equally expressed. In the ABO blood group system, the IA and IB alleles are codominant. An individual with the genotype IAIB will have both A and B antigens on the surface of their red blood cells, resulting in the AB blood type. It also involves multiple alleles (IA, IB, i).

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