Explanation:
Proteins are polymers of amino acids. The amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds, which are covalent bonds formed between the carboxyl group (-COOH) of one amino acid and the amino group (-NH2) of the next, with the release of a water molecule (dehydration synthesis). Glycosidic bonds link sugars, and phosphodiester bonds link nucleotides.
Explanation:
Chief (peptic) cells secrete pepsinogen, which is activated to pepsin by HCl. Parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor. Goblet cells secrete mucus.
Explanation:
Parthenocarpy is the development of fruit without fertilization, leading to seedless fruits like commercial banana, navel orange, and some grapes. It can be natural or induced by hormones. True fruits develop from ovary after fertilization.
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