In ecology, the 'Competitive Exclusion Principle' (Gause's Law) states that: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
In ecology, the 'Competitive Exclusion Principle' (Gause's Law) states that:
A. Competition always leads to the extinction of both species
B. Two species competing for the exact same limited resource cannot coexist at constant population values
C. Two species can coexist indefinitely if they share the same niche
D. Predators will always outcompete their prey
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The Competitive Exclusion Principle, formulated by G.F. Gause based on his experiments with Paramecium, states that two species with identical ecological niches (competing for the exact same limited resources) cannot coexist indefinitely in the same habitat. One species will inevitably have a slight reproductive advantage and will outcompete the other, leading to the local extinction or evolutionary shift (resource partitioning) of the inferior competitor.
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Question #1
The process by which traits are transferred from parents to offspring is:
A. Heredity
B. Variation
C. Evolution
D. Mutation
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Heredity (inheritance) is the transmission of genetic information and traits from parents to offspring through genes. Variation refers to differences among individuals, evolution is the change in heritable traits over generations, and mutation is a change in DNA sequence. Mendel's laws describe the patterns of heredity. Genes are the units of heredity.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
Which of the following is a macronutrient for plants?
A. Phosphorus
B. Zinc
C. Copper
D. Iron
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Phosphorus is a primary macronutrient (along with nitrogen and potassium) required in relatively large amounts for nucleic acids, ATP, and phospholipids. Iron, zinc, and copper are micronutrients needed in trace amounts. Macronutrients include C, H, O, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S. Micronutrients function as enzyme cofactors.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
In a cross between a homozygous dominant plant (TT) and a heterozygous plant (Tt), what proportion of the offspring will show the recessive phenotype?
A. 100%
B. 50%
C. 0%
D. 25%
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Cross: TT × Tt. Gametes: T (from TT) and T or t (from Tt). Offspring genotypes: TT and Tt. Both express the dominant phenotype because the recessive allele t is masked by T. No tt offspring are produced, so 0% show the recessive trait.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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