The process by which traits are transferred from parents to offspring is:
A. Mutation
B. Variation
C. Evolution
D. Heredity
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Heredity (inheritance) is the transmission of genetic information and traits from parents to offspring through genes. Variation refers to differences among individuals, evolution is the change in heritable traits over generations, and mutation is a change in DNA sequence. Mendel's laws describe the patterns of heredity. Genes are the units of heredity.
Explanation:
DNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. RNA contains uracil instead of thymine. This is one of the key differences between DNA and RNA. Uracil pairs with adenine in RNA. The base pairing in DNA is A-T and G-C. In RNA, it is A-U and G-C. Uracil lacks the methyl group present in thymine.
Explanation:
Cytokinins are plant hormones that primarily promote cell division (cytokinesis) in the presence of auxins. They are also crucial in delaying senescence (aging) of leaves by helping to maintain protein and nucleic acid content, a phenomenon known as the Richmond-Lang effect. They are synthesized mainly in root apices.
Explanation:
The potato is a modified underground stem known as a tuber. It stores food (starch) and has 'eyes' which are actually axillary buds capable of growing into new plants. This distinguishes it from modified roots like sweet potatoes, which do not possess nodes, internodes, or buds.
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