Iodine deficiency primarily affects the function of which gland? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cyclic AMP, a second messenger. Guanylyl cyclase makes cGMP, phospholipase C produces IP₃/DAG, PKA is activated by cAMP.

Explanation:
The sternum, or breastbone, is a flat bone located in the center of the chest, to which the ribs attach. The clavicle, commonly known as the collarbone, connects the arm to the body, running horizontally above the first rib. The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a flat, triangular bone located on the upper back, forming the posterior part of the shoulder girdle. All statements are correct.

Explanation:
Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences several distinct phenotypic traits. Example: phenylketonuria (PKU) caused by a single gene defect leads to mental retardation, light skin color, and musty odor. Polygenic inheritance is many genes affecting one trait, epistasis is gene interaction, multiple alleles are more than two alleles for a gene.