Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition primarily caused by: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin secretion (Type 1) or insulin resistance (Type 2). Diabetes insipidus is due to deficiency of ADH (vasopressin) affecting water reabsorption. Graves' disease is hyperthyroidism, Addison's is adrenal insufficiency. Insulin deficiency leads to inability of cells to uptake glucose.

Explanation:
Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Its primary function is to lower blood glucose levels (hypoglycemic effect) by promoting the cellular uptake of glucose, particularly in muscle and fat cells, and its conversion to glycogen (glycogenesis) in the liver. Glucagon has the opposite effect.

Explanation:
Ginger is a rhizome, an underground modified stem growing horizontally, bearing nodes, internodes, scale leaves, and buds. Potato is a tuber, gladiolus a corm, onion a bulb (modified stem with fleshy leaf bases). Rhizomes store food and aid vegetative propagation.