v = c/n = 3×10⁸/2 = 1.5×10⁸ m/s. Direct refractive index application. Memory tip: 'Higher n ⇒ slower light; v = c/n'. Optics calculation frequently tested in competitive exams.
Explanation:
Binding energy per nucleon peaks around iron-56 (≈8.8 MeV/nucleon), making it the most stable nucleus. Lighter nuclei release energy via fusion; heavier via fission. Hydrogen has near-zero binding energy per nucleon; uranium ≈7.6 MeV/nucleon. Memory aid: 'Iron peak: most stable nucleus; fusion before, fission after'. This nuclear physics concept is frequently tested in competitive exams. Always link binding energy curve to energy release in stars (fusion) and reactors (fission).
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