Pneumatophores, specialized roots that grow vertically upwards to facilitate gas exchange in swampy areas, are found in: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

Pneumatophores, specialized roots that grow vertically upwards to facilitate gas exchange in swampy areas, are found in:

A. Rhizophora

B. Orchids

C. Cuscuta

D. Nepenthes

Answer: Option A

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Pneumatophores are negative geotropic, spongy roots that grow upwards out of the water or mud to obtain oxygen in anaerobic, waterlogged soils. They are a characteristic adaptation of mangrove plants like Rhizophora (mangrove). Orchids have epiphytic aerial roots, Cuscuta has parasitic haustoria, and Nepenthes has modified pitcher leaves for insectivory.

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Question #1

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Which of the following statements about animal tissues is correct?

A. Neurons are the only cells that produce myelin.

B. Skeletal muscle is involuntary and striated.

C. Smooth muscle is voluntary and non-striated.

D. Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary.

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Cardiac muscle has striations and contracts involuntarily. Skeletal muscle is voluntary, smooth involuntary; myelin is produced by Schwann cells (PNS) and oligodendrocytes (CNS), not neurons.

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Question #2

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The functional unit of the kidney is the:

A. Hepatocyte

B. Alveolus

C. Neuron

D. Nephron

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney, responsible for filtration, reabsorption, and secretion to form urine. Each kidney has about 1 million nephrons. A nephron consists of the Bowman's capsule, glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct. Neurons are units of nervous system, alveoli of lungs, hepatocytes of liver.

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Question #3

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Consider the following statements about photosynthesis:
1. C3 plants fix CO₂ directly in the Calvin cycle.
2. C4 plants have Kranz anatomy.
3. Photorespiration is higher in C4 plants.
Which of the above is/are correct?

A. 1, 2, and 3

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1 and 2 only

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
C3 plants use Calvin cycle directly; C4 plants have Kranz anatomy and a CO₂-concentrating mechanism. Photorespiration is negligible in C4 plants, higher in C3. Thus, 3 is incorrect.

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