Candela (cd) is SI base unit for luminous intensity. Lumen: luminous flux; Lux: illuminance; Watt: power. Memory aid: 'Candela = candle power; base unit for perceived light'. Unit knowledge frequently tested in competitive exams.
Explanation:
Iris adjusts pupil size. In bright light pupil constricts, dim light dilates. Retina forms image. Cornea and lens focus. Eye is like camera.
Explanation:
Voltmeter measures potential difference in volts. Connected in parallel. Ideal voltmeter has infinite resistance. Galvanometer can be converted to voltmeter by adding high resistance in series.
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