The antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis is:
A. Tetracycline
B. Chloramphenicol
C. Penicillin
D. Streptomycin
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Penicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics (cephalosporins, carbapenems) inhibit the transpeptidase enzyme involved in cross-linking peptidoglycan, weakening the cell wall and causing bacterial lysis. Tetracycline and streptomycin inhibit protein synthesis by acting on ribosomes. Chloramphenicol also inhibits protein synthesis. Penicillin is most effective against actively dividing gram-positive bacteria.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
Which of the following is a non-renewable energy resource?
A. Tidal energy
B. Solar energy
C. Wind energy
D. Coal

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Coal is a fossil fuel formed over millions of years and is finite, thus non-renewable. Solar, wind, and tidal energy are renewable and replenishable. Non-renewable resources include coal, petroleum, natural gas, and nuclear minerals. Overexploitation leads to depletion and environmental pollution. Conservation of such resources is essential for sustainable development.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
Which of the following is an example of a biofertilizer containing a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium?
A. Rhizobium
B. Mycorrhiza
C. Nostoc
D. Azotobacter

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Azotobacter is a free-living, aerobic, nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium used as a biofertilizer for non-legume crops like wheat, maize, and cotton. Rhizobium is symbiotic, Nostoc is a cyanobacterium (algal biofertilizer), and mycorrhiza is a fungal symbiont that enhances phosphorus uptake. Biofertilizers reduce the need for chemical nitrogen fertilizers and are eco-friendly.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The genetic makeup of an organism is its:
A. Genotype
B. Karyotype
C. Phenotype
D. Allele

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Genotype refers to the specific set of genes (allelic constitution) of an individual, e.g., TT, Tt, or tt for a trait. Phenotype is the observable characteristic, karyotype is the chromosome complement, allele is a variant form of a gene. The genotype determines the potential phenotype.

This question belongs to: Science Biology