The causative agent of Kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
The causative agent of Kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) is:
A. Plasmodium falciparum
B. Trypanosoma brucei
C. Entamoeba histolytica
D. Leishmania donovani
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Kala-azar, also known as visceral leishmaniasis, is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani. It is transmitted by the bite of the infected female sandfly (Phlebotomus). The disease affects internal organs, particularly the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, causing prolonged fever, weight loss, and enlargement of the liver and spleen. Trypanosoma brucei causes sleeping sickness, and Plasmodium causes malaria.
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Question #1
The jelly-like substance that fills the cell and holds organelles is the:
A. Protoplasm
B. Nucleoplasm
C. Cytoplasm
D. Matrix
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Cytoplasm is the semifluid material between the plasma membrane and the nucleus, composed of cytosol, organelles, and inclusions. It is the site of many metabolic reactions. Nucleoplasm is inside the nucleus, protoplasm includes cytoplasm and nucleoplasm, and matrix refers to the inner compartment of mitochondria.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
In the male reproductive system, the spermatozoa are stored and mature in the:
A. Prostate gland
B. Epididymis
C. Seminal vesicles
D. Vas deferens
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The epididymis is a coiled tube on the posterior surface of the testis where spermatozoa undergo maturation and are stored until ejaculation. Sperm acquire motility here. Seminal vesicles and prostate gland secrete seminal fluid. Vas deferens transports sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct. Testes produce sperm and testosterone. Sperm maturation includes gaining ability to fertilize.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
Which of the following statements about the cell cycle is correct?
A. Cytokinesis occurs before prophase.
B. DNA replication occurs during the G2 phase.
C. The S phase is when DNA synthesis occurs.
D. Mitosis is the longest phase of the cell cycle.
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
In the S (synthesis) phase of interphase, DNA is replicated. G2 is preparation for mitosis. Interphase is the longest. Cytokinesis follows telophase.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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