The enzyme that synthesizes a DNA copy from an RNA template in retroviruses is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch tradesman, is credited as the 'father of microbiology'. In the 1670s, using his own handcrafted, high-quality single-lens microscopes (which could magnify up to 270x), he was the first person to observe and describe living, single-celled organisms, which he called 'animalcules'. These included bacteria, protozoa, and spermatozoa. Robert Hooke observed dead cells (cork) and coined the term 'cell'.

Explanation:
The kidneys sense low oxygen levels and secrete erythropoietin (EPO), which stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow. The liver also produces some EPO in fetal life. Bone marrow is the target, not producer.

Explanation:
Lysozyme, an enzyme found in tears, saliva, and egg white, hydrolyzes the β-1,4-glycosidic bond between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine in peptidoglycan, weakening the bacterial cell wall and causing lysis. It is part of innate immunity. Penicillin inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis.