The forelimbs of humans, whales, and bats exhibit similarity in basic structure due to common ancestry. This is an example of: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The forelimbs of humans, whales, and bats exhibit similarity in basic structure due to common ancestry. This is an example of:
A. Homologous organs
B. Vestigial organs
C. Analogous organs
D. Adaptive radiation
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Homologous organs share a common ancestral origin and structural plan but may have different functions (e.g., human arm, whale flipper, bat wing). This indicates divergent evolution. Analogous organs have different origins but similar functions (e.g., wings of birds and insects) due to convergent evolution. Vestigial organs are reduced and non-functional, like the human appendix.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
Consider statements about viruses: 1. They possess both DNA and RNA. 2. They are obligate intracellular parasites. 3. They can be crystallized. Which are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2 and 3
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1 and 3 only

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Viruses are unique entities containing either DNA or RNA, never both simultaneously, enclosed in a protein capsid. They are obligate intracellular parasites, requiring a host cell's machinery to replicate. Despite being biological entities, they can be crystallized like chemicals, as demonstrated by W.M. Stanley with TMV. Thus, statements 2 and 3 are correct.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The release of an ovum from the ovary is termed:
A. Ovulation
B. Fertilization
C. Menstruation
D. Implantation

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Ovulation is the rupture of the mature Graafian follicle and release of a secondary oocyte from the ovary, typically around day 14 of a 28-day menstrual cycle, triggered by LH surge. Menstruation is the shedding of uterine lining. Fertilization is fusion of sperm and ovum, implantation is embedding of blastocyst in the endometrium.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The voice box or sound-producing organ in humans is the:
A. Pharynx
B. Trachea
C. Larynx
D. Bronchi

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
The larynx, also called the voice box, contains vocal cords that vibrate as air passes, producing sound. It is located at the top of the trachea. The trachea (windpipe) conducts air; pharynx is the common passage for food and air; bronchi lead to lungs. The larynx is cartilaginous, and in males, the thyroid cartilage forms the Adam's apple.

This question belongs to: Science Biology