The 'Hormone Adrenocorticotropic Hormone' (ACTH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary. Its primary target and function are: MCQ with Answer and Explanation
The 'Hormone Adrenocorticotropic Hormone' (ACTH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary. Its primary target and function are:
A. The adrenal cortex; stimulating the production and release of glucocorticoids (primarily cortisol)
B. The thyroid gland; stimulating thyroid hormone release
C. The gonads; stimulating sex hormone production
D. The adrenal medulla; stimulating adrenaline release
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) is a peptide hormone secreted by the corticotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Its primary target is the adrenal cortex (the outer layer of the adrenal glands). ACTH stimulates the growth of the adrenal cortex and the synthesis and secretion of its steroid hormones, primarily the glucocorticoids (like cortisol), and to a lesser extent, androgens and mineralocorticoids. ACTH secretion is controlled by Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus and by the negative feedback of cortisol.
Explanation:
Charles Darwin's 1859 book 'On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection' laid out the theory of evolution by natural selection. Mendel's work on heredity was published later, Wallace independently conceived natural selection but Darwin's book detailed the evidence comprehensively. Lamarck proposed earlier theories.
Explanation:
The pollen grain contains the male gametophyte, which produces two sperm cells. The ovule contains the female gametophyte (embryo sac). Endosperm is the triploid nutritive tissue formed after double fertilization.
Explanation:
Peroxisomes are single-membrane organelles containing oxidative enzymes like catalase and urate oxidase. They break down fatty acids via β-oxidation and detoxify hydrogen peroxide. Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes, mitochondria energy, Golgi packaging. Peroxisomes are abundant in liver and kidney cells.
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