The meristematic tissue responsible for the increase in the length of the plant is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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The meristematic tissue responsible for the increase in the length of the plant is:

A. Lateral meristem

B. Intercalary meristem

C. Apical meristem

D. Both B and C

Answer: Option D

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Apical meristems at root and shoot tips contribute to primary growth (increase in length). Intercalary meristems, located at nodes and leaf bases, also aid in elongation, especially in grasses. Lateral meristems (vascular cambium, cork cambium) cause secondary growth (increase in girth). So both apical and intercalary meristems are responsible for length increase.

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Question #1

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Assertion (A): Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during the day.
Reason (R): Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a byproduct.

A. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.

B. A false, R true.

C. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation.

D. A true, R false.

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
During daylight, photosynthesis dominates, consuming CO₂ and releasing O₂. The oxygen comes from water splitting. R correctly explains A.

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Question #2

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The scientist who discovered the antibiotic streptomycin was:

A. Selman Waksman

B. Louis Pasteur

C. Alexander Fleming

D. Robert Koch

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Selman Waksman and his team isolated streptomycin from the soil bacterium Streptomyces griseus in 1943. It was the first effective antibiotic against tuberculosis. Fleming discovered penicillin, Pasteur developed rabies vaccine, Koch identified tuberculosis bacillus. Waksman coined the term 'antibiotic'.

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Question #3

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In which stage of mitosis do chromosomes align at the cell equator?

A. Telophase

B. Metaphase

C. Anaphase

D. Prophase

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
During metaphase, the nuclear envelope has completely disappeared, and the chromosomes, attached to spindle fibers at their kinetochores, are moved to the center of the cell. This alignment of chromosomes at the cell equator is called the metaphase plate. This stage is crucial for the equal distribution of genetic material to daughter cells.

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