The movement of molecules against the concentration gradient with the use of ATP is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The movement of molecules against the concentration gradient with the use of ATP is:
A. Diffusion
B. Facilitated diffusion
C. Active transport
D. Osmosis
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Active transport uses energy (usually ATP) to pump molecules or ions across a membrane against their electrochemical gradient, e.g., Na⁺/K⁺ pump. Diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion are passive processes that move substances down their gradient without energy expenditure.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
The enzyme telomerase is highly active in which type of cells?
A. Stem cells and cancer cells
B. Somatic cells
C. Neurons
D. Mature red blood cells

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme that adds repetitive nucleotide sequences to the ends of chromosomes (telomeres), preventing them from shortening during DNA replication. It is highly active in germ cells, stem cells, and most cancer cells, granting them replicative immortality. In most normal somatic cells, telomerase is inactive, leading to gradual telomere shortening and cellular aging.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
Consider statements about biotechnology: 1. Transgenic organisms contain foreign DNA. 2. Cloning produces genetically identical copies. 3. Gene therapy cures all genetic diseases. Which are correct?
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1 and 3 only

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Transgenic organisms (plants or animals) have been genetically modified to contain and express foreign DNA (a transgene) from another species. Cloning is a technique used to produce genetically identical copies of a biological entity, such as a cell, organism, or DNA sequence. Gene therapy is an emerging technique aimed at treating or curing genetic diseases by introducing functional genes, but it is still largely experimental and does not currently cure all genetic diseases. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
Consider the following statements about the human kidneys:
1. They are located in the abdominal cavity.
2. They produce the hormone renin.
3. They filter approximately 180 liters of blood per day.
Which of the above is/are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. 2 and 3 only

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Kidneys are retroperitoneal, not in the abdominal cavity proper. They produce renin, and filter ~180 L/day (GFR ~125 mL/min). So 1 is incorrect.

This question belongs to: Science Biology