The 'Philadelphia chromosome', associated with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML), is the result of a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Hexokinase phosphorylates glucose to glucose-6-phosphate using ATP, the first step of glycolysis. Phosphofructokinase is the third step, pyruvate kinase the last, glucose-6-phosphatase reverses the reaction in gluconeogenesis.

Explanation:
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the primary antibody found in mucosal secretions, including saliva, tears, nasal secretions, breast milk (colostrum), and the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. It plays a crucial role in mucosal immunity by preventing the attachment of pathogens to epithelial cells, a process known as immune exclusion. IgG is the most abundant in blood, IgM is the first to be produced in an infection, and IgE is involved in allergies.

Explanation:
Green plants (producers) always occupy the first trophic level in a food chain. Energy flow is unidirectional, moving from the sun to producers and then to consumers, never returning to the sun. Due to the 10% law of energy transfer, the pyramid of energy is always upright and can never be inverted. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.