Explanation:
Stomatal transpiration accounts for about 80-90% of total water loss from plants. Stomata are microscopic pores on leaves, surrounded by guard cells. Cuticular transpiration occurs through the cuticle but is minimal. Lenticular transpiration is through lenticels on woody stems. Hydathodes are involved in guttation, not transpiration. Transpiration creates transpiration pull essential for water ascent in xylem.
Explanation:
In prokaryotes, DNA polymerase I has 5'→3' exonuclease activity that removes the RNA primer and fills the gap with DNA. DNA polymerase III adds nucleotides to the growing strand. Ligase seals the nicks. Helicase unwinds DNA. In eukaryotes, RNase H removes primers and DNA polymerase δ fills the gap.
Explanation:
Citrus canker is a bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas citri (syn. X. axonopodis pv. citri). It produces raised necrotic lesions on leaves, fruit, and stems, causing defoliation and reduced yield. It spreads via rain splash and contaminated tools. No viral or fungal causal agent.
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