The process of converting mRNA information into a polypeptide chain is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The process of converting mRNA information into a polypeptide chain is:
A. Translation
B. Transcription
C. Transduction
D. Replication
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Translation is the synthesis of a polypeptide chain at the ribosome, where the genetic code in mRNA is read by tRNA anticodons to assemble amino acids in the correct order. Transcription produces mRNA from DNA, replication duplicates DNA, transduction is gene transfer by viruses. Translation involves initiation, elongation, and termination factors.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
Which of the following is a biofertilizer commonly used for rice cultivation?
A. Rhizobium
B. Azotobacter
C. Mycorrhiza
D. Azolla

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Azolla is an aquatic fern that harbors the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena azollae in its leaf cavities. It is extensively used as a biofertilizer in rice paddies, adding organic nitrogen. Rhizobium fixes nitrogen in legume roots, Azotobacter is free-living in soil, mycorrhiza is a fungal association enhancing phosphorus uptake. Azolla multiplies rapidly and improves soil fertility.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The vitamin that is required for the synthesis of clotting factors is:
A. Vitamin K
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin A

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Vitamin K is a cofactor for the enzyme γ-glutamyl carboxylase, which adds carboxyl groups to glutamic acid residues in clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X, allowing them to bind calcium and participate in coagulation. Deficiency leads to bleeding tendency.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
Assertion (A): Fishes are ammonotelic.
Reason (R): Ammonia is highly toxic and requires a large amount of water for excretion, which is available in aquatic environments.
A. A true, R false.
B. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation.
C. A false, R true.
D. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Ammonotelic organisms excrete ammonia directly into water, which dilutes it. This is feasible for fishes. The reason correctly explains why they are ammonotelic.

This question belongs to: Science Biology