The process of uptake of liquid droplets by the cell membrane is:
A. Pinocytosis
B. Exocytosis
C. Phagocytosis
D. Osmosis
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Pinocytosis ('cell drinking') is a form of endocytosis where the cell membrane invaginates to take in a small droplet of extracellular fluid and dissolved solutes. Phagocytosis is 'cell eating' of large particles, exocytosis is secretion, osmosis is water movement across a semipermeable membrane.
Explanation:
ADH (vasopressin) increases water permeability of the collecting duct cells by inserting aquaporins, reducing urine volume. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption, renin is an enzyme, ANP promotes sodium excretion.
Explanation:
Pepsin, activated from pepsinogen by HCl, initiates protein digestion in the stomach, breaking proteins into smaller peptides. Trypsin and chymotrypsin are pancreatic enzymes active in the small intestine. Carboxypeptidase is also pancreatic. Pepsin is an endopeptidase active at acidic pH.
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