Explanation:
Parallel-faced slab: refraction at entry and exit cancel angular deviation, but ray shifts laterally. No net direction change. Memory tip: 'Slab: parallel emergent ray; Prism: deviated emergent ray'. Ray optics concept frequently tested in competitive exams.
Explanation:
Reflection: light returns into same medium. Laws: angle i = angle r. Refraction is bending into another medium. Dispersion splitting colours. Diffraction spreading around obstacles.
Explanation:
Moderator (water, graphite) slows fast neutrons to thermal energies for efficient fission in U-235. Control rods absorb neutrons to regulate reaction. Memory tip: 'Moderator = neutron slower; Control rods = neutron absorber'. Reactor component function frequently tested in competitive nuclear physics questions.
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