The scientist who discovered the phenomenon of transformation in bacteria was: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Xylem is the vascular tissue responsible for the unidirectional upward transport of water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the aerial parts of the plant. Phloem is the vascular tissue responsible for the translocation of organic nutrients (primarily sucrose) from sources to sinks, which can be bidirectional. Cambium (vascular and cork) is a lateral meristem responsible for secondary growth (increase in girth); primary growth (increase in length) is driven by apical meristems. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
In plant cells, which have rigid cell walls, cytokinesis occurs by the formation of a new cell wall (cell plate) in the middle of the cell. Mitosis is equational division occurring in somatic cells for growth and repair, maintaining the same chromosome number. Meiosis is reductional division, halving the chromosome number to produce gametes. Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct.

Explanation:
Bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, hornworts) are often called the 'amphibians of the plant kingdom' because, although they can live on land, they absolutely require water for the completion of their life cycle, specifically for the swimming of male gametes (antherozoids) to reach the female gamete (egg) during fertilization. Algae are mostly aquatic, while pteridophytes and gymnosperms are better adapted to terrestrial life.