The technique of separating molecules based on their size and charge is:
A. Electrophoresis
B. Chromatography
C. Centrifugation
D. Spectrophotometry
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Gel electrophoresis, especially agarose gel electrophoresis, separates DNA, RNA, or protein fragments based on size and charge under an electric field. Smaller fragments move faster through the gel matrix. Centrifugation separates by density, chromatography by differential partitioning, spectrophotometry measures light absorption. Electrophoresis is a fundamental tool in molecular biology.
Explanation:
In pisciculture, induced breeding is carried out by injecting fish with pituitary gland extract from donor fish containing gonadotropic hormones (FSH and LH), which stimulate spawning. This allows controlled production of fish seed. Hypophysation is the technique used in Indian major carps. Insulin and thyroxine are not involved in reproduction. Adrenaline is a stress hormone.
Explanation:
A human zygote is diploid (2n = 46), formed by the fusion of a haploid sperm (23) and a haploid ovum (23). It contains 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes (XX or XY). Mitotic division then produces all somatic cells. Gametes are haploid (23).
Explanation:
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) is a peptide hormone secreted by the chief cells of the four parathyroid glands in response to low blood calcium levels (hypocalcemia). Its primary function is to increase blood calcium levels (hypercalcemic effect). It achieves this by: 1) Stimulating osteoclasts to break down bone, releasing calcium. 2) Increasing calcium reabsorption and stimulating the activation of Vitamin D in the kidneys. 3) Indirectly increasing calcium absorption in the gut via active Vitamin D. It has the opposite effect of calcitonin.
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