The technique used to analyze the transcriptome of a cell is:
A. Proteomics
B. Genomics
C. Metabolomics
D. Transcriptomics
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Transcriptomics studies the complete set of RNA transcripts (transcriptome) produced by the genome under specific conditions. It often uses microarrays or RNA-seq. Genomics is DNA, proteomics proteins, metabolomics metabolites.
Explanation:
Beta-carotene is a precursor of vitamin A (provitamin A) and imparts an orange color to carrots, pumpkins, and sweet potatoes. Lycopene gives red color to tomatoes, chlorophyll is green, xanthophyll is yellow. Beta-carotene is an antioxidant and is important for vision and immune function.
Explanation:
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA and ribosomes (70S) and can replicate by binary fission, a feature supporting their endosymbiotic origin. Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and rough ER cannot self-replicate; they are part of the endomembrane system and arise from pre-existing membranes. Mitochondria are thus semi-autonomous organelles.
Explanation:
Black stem rust of wheat is caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis tritici, a basidiomycete that produces reddish-brown uredospores and black teliospores. It requires barberry as an alternate host. It is a major disease causing significant crop losses.
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