The technique used to introduce foreign DNA into cells by applying a brief electric pulse is:
A. Biolistics
B. Microinjection
C. Electroporation
D. Lipofection
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Electroporation creates transient pores in the cell membrane using an electric field, allowing DNA to enter. Microinjection uses a fine needle, biolistics a gene gun, lipofection lipid vesicles.
Explanation:
Thigmonasty (seismonasty) is a non-directional, rapid response to touch or vibration, exemplified by the drooping of Mimosa pudica leaves. Thigmotropism is directional growth towards/away from touch (e.g., tendrils). Phototropism is light-directed growth, geotropism gravity-directed.
Explanation:
Mature human RBCs have a lifespan of approximately 120 days, after which they are phagocytosed by macrophages in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow.
Explanation:
The Emerson enhancement effect, discovered by Robert Emerson in 1957, provided crucial evidence for the existence of two distinct photosystems (PSI and PSII) in photosynthesis. He observed that the rate of photosynthesis (measured by oxygen evolution) under far-red light (>680 nm) alone was very low. However, when far-red light was combined with shorter wavelength red light (
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