The technique used to produce a large number of identical copies of a specific DNA fragment is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The technique used to produce a large number of identical copies of a specific DNA fragment is:
A. PCR
B. Microarray
C. Gel electrophoresis
D. DNA sequencing
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies a specific DNA segment exponentially using primers, DNA polymerase (Taq), and thermal cycling. Gel electrophoresis separates DNA by size, sequencing determines base order, microarray analyzes gene expression. PCR is crucial in cloning, diagnostics, and forensics.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
Which of the following organelles is surrounded by a single membrane?
A. Chloroplast
B. Lysosome
C. Nucleus
D. Mitochondria

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Lysosomes are single-membrane-bound organelles containing hydrolytic enzymes. Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and the nucleus are double-membrane-bound. Peroxisomes, vacuoles, and the endoplasmic reticulum are also single-membrane structures. The single membrane of lysosomes helps maintain an acidic pH (5.0) for enzyme activity and protects the cell from autolysis.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin B₃ (niacin) is characterized by:
A. Bleeding gums
B. Night blindness
C. Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia
D. Bone deformities

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Pellagra (niacin deficiency) presents with the three D's: dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. Bleeding gums is scurvy (vitamin C), bone deformities rickets (vitamin D), night blindness vitamin A deficiency.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The blood group that lacks both antigens A and B is:
A. O
B. B
C. AB
D. A

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Blood group O has neither A nor B antigens on the red blood cells, but has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in plasma. It is the universal donor for red cells. Group AB has both antigens, A has A antigen, B has B antigen.

This question belongs to: Science Biology