The term 'operon' in genetics refers to: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
The term 'operon' in genetics refers to:
A. A single gene with multiple functions
B. A set of linked genes regulated by a single promoter
C. A DNA repair mechanism
D. A viral DNA integrated into host genome
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
An operon is a functional unit of DNA in prokaryotes containing a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter, transcribed as a single mRNA. Example: lac operon. It includes operator, promoter, and structural genes. Operons allow coordinate regulation. Eukaryotes generally lack operons.
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Question #1
Which base is found in RNA but not in DNA?
A. Thymine
B. Guanine
C. Adenine
D. Uracil
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Uracil replaces thymine in RNA. In DNA, thymine pairs with adenine; in RNA, uracil pairs with adenine. Adenine, guanine, and cytosine are present in both. The presence of uracil and the sugar ribose (vs. deoxyribose) are key structural differences between RNA and DNA.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The type of immunity that occurs after recovery from an infection is:
A. Natural passive immunity
B. Natural active immunity
C. Artificial passive immunity
D. Artificial active immunity
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Natural active immunity develops when a person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops an immune response, and creates memory cells. Artificial active is from vaccination. Passive immunity involves receiving antibodies.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
Which vitamin deficiency leads to defective blood clotting?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin K
C. Vitamin B₁₂
D. Vitamin A
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Vitamin K is essential for hepatic synthesis of clotting factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX, and X. Deficiency causes prolonged clotting time and easy bruising/bleeding. Vitamin A is for vision, B₁₂ for RBC maturation and nerve function, C for collagen synthesis. Newborns are given vitamin K to prevent hemorrhagic disease.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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