Pantothenic acid (vitamin B₅) is a component of coenzyme A (CoA), which is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins via the Krebs cycle and fatty acid synthesis. Thiamine is TPP, biotin for carboxylation, folic acid for one-carbon transfer.
Explanation:
An Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a graphical record of the heart's electrical activity. The 'P' wave represents the depolarization of the atria, which leads to atrial contraction. The QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization, and the 'T' wave represents ventricular repolarization, which leads to ventricular relaxation.
Explanation:
The adult vertebral column consists of 33 vertebrae (though some are fused: 5 sacral and 4 coccygeal). The femur (thigh bone) is the longest and strongest bone. The skull is composed of 22 bones (cranium and facial bones), some fused but the mandible is movable. The rib cage has 12 pairs of ribs. The stapes in the ear is the smallest bone.
Explanation:
DNA ligase catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides, sealing breaks in the DNA backbone. It is essential for joining Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand during replication and in DNA repair. Polymerase adds nucleotides, helicase unwinds, primase synthesizes RNA primer.
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