What is the primary function of a rectifier in an electrical circuit? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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What is the primary function of a rectifier in an electrical circuit?

A. To step up the voltage.

B. To measure the flow of current.

C. To convert Direct Current (DC) to Alternating Current (AC).

D. To convert Alternating Current (AC) to Direct Current (DC).

Answer: Option D

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

A rectifier is an electrical device composed of one or more diodes that allows current to flow only in one direction. Its primary function is to convert Alternating Current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, into Direct Current (DC), which flows in only one direction. The reverse process (DC to AC) is done by an inverter.

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Question #1

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Assertion (A): In a purely resistive AC circuit, voltage and current are in phase. Reason (R): Resistors do not store energy; they dissipate it as heat.

A. A is false, but R is true

B. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

C. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

D. A is true, but R is false

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Assertion is true: in resistive AC circuits, V and I reach peaks simultaneously (phase difference 0°). Reason is true and explains A: resistors obey Ohm's law instantaneously (V=IR), with no energy storage mechanism (unlike capacitors/inductors that cause phase shifts via energy storage/release). Thus, no phase difference arises. Memory aid: 'Resistors: V and I in phase; Capacitors: I leads V; Inductors: V leads I'. This assertion-reason question tests AC circuit fundamentals, frequently examined. Always link phase behavior to energy storage properties of components.

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Question #2

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The device which converts AC to DC is called

A. Rectifier

B. Inverter

C. Oscillator

D. Transformer

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Rectifier (diode bridge) converts AC to DC. Inverter DC to AC. Transformer changes AC voltage level. Oscillator generates AC signal. Electronic devices often need DC.

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Question #3

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A vernier caliper has 20 divisions on vernier scale matching 19 main scale divisions. If main scale division is 1 mm, least count is:

A. 0.1 mm

B. 0.5 mm

C. 0.05 mm

D. 0.01 mm

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Least count = 1 MSD - 1 VSD. 20 VSD = 19 MSD ⇒ 1 VSD = 19/20 mm = 0.95 mm. LC = 1 - 0.95 = 0.05 mm. Formula: LC = MSD/n where n = vernier divisions. Memory tip: LC = smallest measurable difference = main scale value/vernier divisions. Essential for practical physics questions in competitive exams.

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