Which branch of biology deals with the study of heredity and variation?
A. Ecology
B. Embryology
C. Paleontology
D. Genetics
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Genetics is the science of heredity and variation, explaining how traits are passed from parents to offspring and why individuals differ. Ecology studies organisms and environment, embryology deals with development, paleontology with fossils. Gregor Mendel is the father of genetics. The term 'genetics' was coined by William Bateson.
Explanation:
The colon (large intestine) reabsorbs water, electrolytes, and vitamins produced by gut bacteria, compacting the indigestible residue into feces. The small intestine absorbs nutrients, stomach digests, esophagus transports.
Explanation:
Meiosis involves two divisions reducing the chromosome number from diploid (2n) to haploid (n), producing gametes (sperm and egg). Mitosis maintains the chromosome number and produces identical somatic cells. Amitosis is direct nuclear division, budding is asexual reproduction. Meiosis ensures genetic diversity.
Explanation:
Rana tigrina is the scientific name of the Indian bullfrog. Homo sapiens refers to humans, Felis domestica is the domestic cat, and Crocodylus palustris is the marsh crocodile. Binomial nomenclature gives each organism a unique genus and species name. Rana is the genus, tigrina the species, both italicized when printed.
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