Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates growth of bones and tissues? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1670s) constructed high-quality single-lens microscopes and was the first to observe bacteria, protozoa, sperm cells, and red blood cells, describing them as 'animalcules'. Hooke observed cells in cork. Pasteur disproved spontaneous generation, Lister introduced antiseptic surgery. Leeuwenhoek's pioneering work laid the foundation for microbiology.

Explanation:
Minamata disease is a neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning, first discovered in Minamata, Japan, due to industrial wastewater containing methylmercury that bioaccumulated in fish. Lead causes plumbism, cadmium causes Itai-itai disease, arsenic causes arsenicosis. Mercury affects the central nervous system, causing numbness, muscle weakness, and vision problems.

Explanation:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the causative agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), is a retrovirus that specifically targets and destroys CD4+ T helper cells, which are crucial for coordinating the adaptive immune response. As the CD4+ count drops, the immune system becomes severely compromised, leading to opportunistic infections and certain cancers. Hepatitis B targets the liver, Herpes causes lesions, and Influenza targets the respiratory tract.