Which of the following is a protein deficiency disease characterized by edema and an enlarged liver? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Which of the following is a protein deficiency disease characterized by edema and an enlarged liver?

A. Scurvy

B. Beriberi

C. Kwashiorkor

D. Marasmus

Answer: Option C

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Kwashiorkor results from severe protein deficiency with adequate calorie intake, often seen in children after weaning. It presents with edema, pot belly, fatty liver, skin lesions, and apathy. Marasmus is due to overall calorie and protein deficiency causing wasting. Beriberi and scurvy are vitamin deficiencies.

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Question #1

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The molecule that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome is:

A. mRNA

B. snRNA

C. rRNA

D. tRNA

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is transcribed from DNA and carries the codon sequence to ribosomes, where it is translated into a polypeptide. tRNA brings amino acids, rRNA forms ribosomal structure, snRNA involved in splicing.

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Question #2

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The fluid that accumulates in tissues causing edema when lymphatic drainage is impaired is:

A. Serum

B. Synovial fluid

C. Plasma

D. Lymph

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Lymph is interstitial fluid that has entered lymphatic capillaries. When lymph vessels are blocked (e.g., filariasis), lymph accumulates, causing swelling (lymphedema). Plasma is blood fluid, synovial in joints, serum is plasma without clotting factors.

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Question #3

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The vitamin that is required for the synthesis of ATP from ADP is:

A. Thiamine

B. Pantothenic acid

C. Niacin

D. Riboflavin

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Niacin is part of NAD⁺/NADH, which donates electrons to the electron transport chain to generate the proton gradient for ATP synthesis. All B vitamins contribute indirectly.

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