Which of the following is an example of a genetically engineered insulin-producing bacterium?
A. Bacillus subtilis
B. Escherichia coli
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Recombinant human insulin (Humulin) is produced by genetically engineered Escherichia coli (or yeast) carrying the human insulin gene. Before this, insulin from animal sources was used. The A and B chains of insulin are produced separately and then combined. This was the first genetically engineered pharmaceutical approved for human use (1982).
Explanation:
Vitamin D stimulates the synthesis of calcium-binding proteins in the intestinal epithelium, promoting calcium absorption. Deficiency leads to rickets/osteomalacia.
Explanation:
Vitamin E (Tocopherol) is a fat-soluble vitamin that acts primarily as a powerful antioxidant. It protects cell membranes from oxidative damage by neutralizing free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can damage cells. It also supports immune function and has anti-inflammatory properties. Deficiency is rare but can cause neurological problems and hemolytic anemia.
Explanation:
Cloning produces genetically identical copies of a DNA fragment (molecular cloning) or an entire organism (reproductive cloning). Hybridization is crossing different varieties, mutation is change in DNA, transformation is DNA uptake.
No comments yet. Be the first to start the discussion!