Explanation:
The acceleration due to gravity is given by g = GM/R². For a small change, taking the derivative or using error approximation: Δg/g = -2(ΔR/R). If R shrinks by 1% (ΔR/R = -1%), then Δg/g = -2(-1%) = +2%. Therefore, the value of 'g' will increase by approximately 2%.
Explanation:
Isaac Newton formulated the universal law of gravitation in his Principia Mathematica (1687), stating F = Gm₁m₂/r². Galileo studied falling bodies; Kepler derived planetary motion laws; Einstein developed general relativity (gravity as spacetime curvature). Memory aid: 'Newton = gravity apple story'. This history-based question tests knowledge of key scientific contributions, frequently appearing in competitive exams. Always associate scientists with their specific discoveries to avoid confusion between classical and modern physics pioneers.
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