Which of the following is the primary product of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
A. Water
B. ATP and NADPH
C. Oxygen only
D. Glucose
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Light reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes, converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH, with oxygen as a by-product. These energy-rich molecules are used in the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions) to fix CO₂ into carbohydrates. Glucose is a final product of the Calvin cycle. Oxygen is released but not the primary product. Thus ATP and NADPH are the main outputs.
Explanation:
Zinc is required for the synthesis, storage (as hexamers), and secretion of insulin in pancreatic beta cells. It also acts as a cofactor for numerous enzymes like carbonic anhydrase and DNA polymerases. Calcium is for bones/signaling, magnesium for ATP and chlorophyll, sodium for nerve impulses.
Explanation:
The pulmonary veins are the only veins in the body that carry oxygenated blood. They transport oxygen-rich blood from the lungs back to the left atrium of the heart. In contrast, the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. All other veins carry deoxygenated blood and arteries carry oxygenated blood.
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