Which of the following organisms belongs to Kingdom Monera? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Australopithecus (e.g., 'Lucy') is considered one of the earliest direct ancestors or a very close relative of the genus Homo. They were bipedal hominins who lived in Africa about 4 to 2 million years ago. Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus are earlier ape-like ancestors. Homo neanderthalensis was a close relative but is generally considered a separate species that went extinct, though some interbreeding occurred.

Explanation:
Ringworm (dermatophytosis) is a superficial fungal infection of the skin, hair, or nails. It is caused by dermatophyte fungi, primarily from the genera Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. Despite the name, it is not caused by a worm. Aspergillus can cause aspergillosis, and Saccharomyces is yeast used in baking and brewing.

Explanation:
Myelin, a lipid-rich sheath formed by Schwann cells (PNS) or oligodendrocytes (CNS), insulates axons, allowing saltatory conduction—impulses jump from one node of Ranvier to the next, greatly speeding up transmission. It also conserves energy. Demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis slow conduction.