Which of the following organisms is a decomposer in an ecosystem?
A. Lion
B. Eagle
C. Fungi
D. Grass
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Fungi (and bacteria) are decomposers that break down dead organic matter and waste, releasing nutrients back into the ecosystem. They are saprotrophs. Grass is a producer, lion and eagle are consumers (carnivores). Decomposers are essential for nutrient cycling, especially carbon and nitrogen cycles. Without decomposers, ecosystems would be clogged with dead material.
Explanation:
Aerenchyma is a specialized parenchyma tissue with large intercellular air spaces, providing buoyancy and facilitating gas exchange in aquatic plants. It also helps in oxygen transport to submerged roots. Sclerenchyma is supportive, collenchyma flexible support, xylem water-conducting.
Explanation:
Autotrophs (self-feeders) include photoautotrophs (plants, algae, cyanobacteria) and chemoautotrophs (some bacteria). They produce organic matter from CO₂. Heterotrophs depend on others, saprotrophs decompose dead matter, parasites live on hosts.
Explanation:
Niacin is part of NAD⁺/NADH, which donates electrons to the electron transport chain to generate the proton gradient for ATP synthesis. All B vitamins contribute indirectly.
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