Which of the following provides direct evidence of evolution? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Which of the following provides direct evidence of evolution?

A. Molecular biology

B. Fossils

C. Embryology

D. Analogous organs

Answer: Option B

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Fossils are the preserved remains or impressions of past organisms, showing transitional forms and evolutionary change over geological time.

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Question #1

Identify the INCORRECT statement about cell division:

A. Cytokinesis follows nuclear division.

B. Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells.

C. Meiosis results in four haploid cells.

D. Crossing over occurs in mitosis.

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis, not in mitosis. Mitosis produces identical diploid cells, meiosis reduces chromosome number by half, and cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm.

This question belongs to: Science Biology

Question #2

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the Calvin cycle?

A. Regeneration → Carboxylation → Reduction

B. Reduction → Carboxylation → Regeneration

C. Carboxylation → Regeneration → Reduction

D. Carboxylation → Reduction → Regeneration

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The Calvin cycle (C3 cycle) consists of three phases: carboxylation (fixation of CO₂ by RuBisCO to 3-PGA), reduction (conversion of 3-PGA to G3P using ATP and NADPH), and regeneration (regeneration of RuBP). This cycle occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts and is the light-independent reaction of photosynthesis.

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Question #3

Which of the following statements about evolution is correct?

A. Natural selection always leads to new species formation.

B. Fossils show that life forms have changed over time.

C. Darwin’s theory is based on inheritance of acquired characters.

D. Homologous organs have different basic structures.

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Fossils provide a record of past life, showing changes. Homologous organs share common anatomy, Darwin proposed natural selection, Lamarck inheritance of acquired characters, natural selection can but not always lead to speciation.

This question belongs to: Science Biology

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