Which of the following vitamins is also known as 'retinol'?
A. Vitamin B₁
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin D
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Vitamin A is chemically known as retinol. It is essential for vision, immune function, and epithelial maintenance. Vitamin B₁ is thiamine, C is ascorbic acid, D is calciferol. Deficiency of vitamin A causes night blindness and xerophthalmia.
Explanation:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease where beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed, leading to little or no insulin production. Patients require insulin injections. Type 2 involves insulin resistance. Diabetes insipidus involves ADH deficiency, Cushing's syndrome is cortisol excess.
Explanation:
Transcription is the first step of gene expression, where a specific segment of DNA is copied into RNA (specifically mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase. This occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotes. The mRNA then carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm for translation (protein synthesis).
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